Calcium carbide (CaC2) is commonly known as calcium carbide. Industrial products are grey, yellow-brown or black, containing calcium carbide higher purple. Its newly created section is glossy, in the air to absorb moisture is grey or off-white. Can conduct electricity, the higher the purity, the better the conductivity. In the air can absorb water. Decomposed into acetylene and calcium hydroxide with water. With nitrogen to generate calcium cyanamide.
Calcium carbide is one of the basic raw materials of organic synthetic chemical industry. It is an important raw material for acetylene chemical industry. Acetylene produced by calcium carbide is widely used in metal welding and cutting.
The production method has oxygen heat method and electrothermal method. Generally more electrothermal production of calcium carbide, that is, quicklime and carbonaceous raw materials (coke, anthracite or petroleum coke) in the calcium carbide furnace, relying on the arc high temperature melting reaction to generate calcium carbide. The production process is shown in the figure. The main production process is: raw material processing; batching; through the upper end of the furnace inlet or pipeline will be added to the mixture of electric furnace, in the open or closed electric furnace heated to about 2000 ℃, according to the following reaction to generate calcium carbide: GaO + 3C → CaC2 + CO.
The melted calcium carbide is removed from the bottom of the furnace, cooled and crushed, and then packaged as a finished product. The carbon monoxide generated in the reaction is discharged in different ways according to the type of calcium carbide furnace: in the open furnace, carbon monoxide burns on the surface of the material, and the flame generated is dispersed outwards along with the dust; in the semi-closed furnace, a part of carbon monoxide is extracted by the suction cupola placed on the furnace, and the remaining part is still burned on the surface of the material; in the closed furnace, all the carbon monoxide is extracted.
