Ladle slide plate in the high temperature steel control process there are mechanical injury, high temperature burns, steel leakage explosion and other major risks, must strictly implement the following safety regulations:
I. Personnel safety protection
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Must wear: aluminum foil fire suit (1200 ℃) + protective mask + asbestos gloves + safety boots
Additional respiratory positive-pressure air masks (against metal vapor) are required for areas exposed to liquid steel
Operator qualification
License required (metallurgical special operation license)
New employees must complete more than 8 hours of simulation operation training (including VR accident drills)
Second, pre-operation safety inspection
Inspection items Safety standards Inspection methods
Skateboard refractory layer No penetrating cracks (≤2mm surface cracks are acceptable) Endoscopy + Hammering audible detection
Hydraulic system No leakage, pressure 10-15MPa Pressure preservation test (pressure drop ≤5% in 30 minutes)
Emergency braking device Manual/automatic double back-up Trigger test (Response time ≤0.5 seconds)
Cooling water system Flow rate ≥20L/min, water temperature ≤60°C Flow meter + infrared temperature measurement
III. Hazardous Operation Prohibition
Prohibited matters
The ladle is not baked to more than 800 ℃ directly open the slide (easy to cause steam explosion)
Overhauling the slide plate while the ladle is suspended.
Use of non-specialized tools (e.g. ordinary wrenches) to tighten high-temperature bolts.
Time-limited operation
When pouring continuously, the interval between single slide plate adjustments** ≥ 30 seconds** (to prevent overheating and jamming)
Replacement of slide plate must be carried out at **temperature of ladle ≤80℃**.
Fourth, emergency disposal
1. Steel leakage emergency procedures
mermaid
copy
graph TD A [found leakage] --> B {leakage degree} B --> | small amount of steel seepage | C [with magnesium grit plugging + reduce the flow rate of 50%] B --> | jet leakage | D [immediately triggered by the emergency stop + evacuation] D --> E [start the workshop sprinkler explosion suppression system]
2. skateboard jamming treatment
Primary solution: hydraulic system ** overpressure mode (≤ 18MPa) ** 3 attempts
Ultimate program: activate the oxygen fusion rod cutting system (need to apply for a fire permit in advance)
V. Safety Monitoring Technology
Intelligent monitoring system
Infrared thermal imager: real-time monitoring of the temperature of the skateboard (automatic alarm for over-temperature)
Vibration sensor: detect abnormal friction (warning accuracy 0.1mm)
Interlocking protection
Slip plate opening and ladle weighing system linkage (automatic throttling for sudden change in flow)
Hydraulic station tied to emergency power supply (maintain pressure for 30 minutes after power failure)
Sixth, accident case analysis
Case 1: a plant slide not completely closed maintenance
Consequences: residual steel (about 200kg) fell and caused an explosion
Lesson: must implement ** "two-person confirmation system" ** (operator + safety officer signed release)
Case 2: Hydraulic hose rupture due to aging
Consequence: high-temperature hydraulic oil spray caused a fire
Improvement: switch to metal braided pressure-resistant hose (temperature resistance of 400 ℃ or more)
